Durability Design

ACI 318 exposure classes, w/c limits, cover requirements, and service life prediction per fib Model Code / ACI 201 / EN 206

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Durability Design Calculator
Select exposure conditions, get required w/c, cement content, cover depth, and air content. Calculate service life for chloride ingress, carbonation, freeze-thaw, and sulfate attack.

🏷️ ACI 318 Exposure Class Selector

🧊 F — Freezing & Thawing
F0: Not exposed to freezing-and-thawing cycles.
F1: Exposed to freezing-and-thawing, occasional water.
F2: Exposed to freezing-and-thawing, continuous water.
F3: Exposed to freezing-and-thawing, continuous water + deicers.
🧂 S — Sulfate
S0: Water-soluble sulfate in soil < 0.10% or water < 150 ppm.
S1: Soil 0.10-0.20% or water 150-1,500 ppm.
S2: Soil 0.20-2.00% or water 1,500-10,000 ppm.
S3: Soil > 2.00% or water > 10,000 ppm.
⚡ C — Corrosion Protection
C0: Dry, protected from moisture.
C1: Moist, not exposed to external chlorides.
C2: Moist, exposed to external chlorides (deicing salts, seawater, spray).
💧 W — Water Contact
W0: Not in contact with water.
W1: In contact with water (tanks, pipes, marine structures).
years

📋 ACI 318 Durability Requirements

Exposure Max w/c Min f'c (MPa) Air Content Min Cement (kg/m³) Cover (mm) Special
📝 Notes
  • Values per ACI 318-19 Table 188.8.13152. Adjust for local codes (BS 8500, EN 206, ECP 203).
  • For seawater exposure (C2 + W1), use Type II/V cement + SCM (slag/fly ash) + w/c ≤ 0.40.
  • Mass concrete: max temperature differential ≤ 20°C, use low-heat cement, cooling pipes.
  • For sulfate soils (S2/S3), use Type V cement or Type II + slag/fly ash, w/c ≤ 0.45.

⏳ Service Life Prediction

🔬 Service Life Models
mm
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% by cement
% by cement
×10⁻¹² m²/s
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⏳
Configure Parameters
Select degradation mechanism and enter concrete properties, then click Calculate.

📚 Durability Standards Reference

ACI 318-19 Ch. 19
US structural concrete code. Exposure classes F/S/C/W. w/c limits, f'c minimums, air content, cover tables.
ACI 201.2R
Guide to Durable Concrete. Detailed mechanisms, material selection, mixture proportioning for durability.
ACI 222R
Corrosion of Metals in Concrete. Chloride thresholds, corrosion inhibitors, cathodic protection, epoxy-coated rebar.
EN 206 / BS 8500
European standard. Exposure classes XC (carbonation), XD (chlorides), XS (seawater), XF (freeze-thaw), XA (chemical).
fib Model Code 2010
International framework. Service life design, probabilistic methods, performance-based specifications.
ECP 203 / ECP 204
Egyptian codes. Durability requirements for local materials, climate, and groundwater conditions.
ASTM C1202
Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT). Charge passed (coulombs) correlates to permeability class.
NT BUILD 492
Nordic test for chloride migration coefficient (D₀). Used for service life modeling input.
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